孙琳,杨政华,罗雄麟

• 1:中国石油大学(北京)自动化系， 北京 昌平 102249

摘要(Abstract)：

在换热网络的运行过程中，其操作条件时常变化。针对过程系统安全平稳运行的基本要求，基于频域稳定性分析方法，得出影响过程系统动态性能与稳定性的关键点，提出一种换热网络旁路控制系统的设计方法。从频域的角度分析潜在旁路与被控变量之间的耦合关系，采用频域相对增益阵方法实现换热网络的旁路设计。并在此基础上，对设计的控制系统进行控制器参数设计，使换热网络控制系统满足一定的稳定裕度要求。结果表明，基于频域稳定性分析设计的换热网络旁路控制系统满足稳定裕度要求，其阶跃响应的绝对误差积分值较小，系统的动态性能更好。

关键词(KeyWords)： 换热网络;旁路控制;频域;稳定性;设计

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（21676295）。

作者(Author): 孙琳,杨政华,罗雄麟

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2020.01.022

参考文献(References)：

• [1] XIA L, FENG Y L, SUN X Y, et al. Design of heat exchanger network based on Entransy theory[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 26(8):1692-1699.
  [2] 蒋浩, 陈丙珍. 化工过程稳定性分析研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(1):76-87.JIANG H, CHEN B Z. Research progress of chemical process stability analysis[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(1):76-87.
  [3] HURWITZ A. On the conditions under which an equation has only roots with negative real parts[J]. Mathematische Annalen, 1895, 46(2):273-284.
  [4] KOKOSSIS A, FLOUDAS C. Stability in optimal design:Synthesis of complex reactor networks[J]. AIChE Journal, 1994, 40(5):849-861.
  [5] BLABCO A M, BANDONI J A. Eigenvalue optimization-based formulations for nonlinear dynamics and control problems[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification, 2007, 46(11):1192-1199.
  [6] WANG H Z, ZHANG N, QIU T, et al. Optimization of a continuous fermentation process producing 1,3-propane diol with Hopf singularity and unstable operating points as constraints[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2014, 116(9):668-681.
  [7] WANG H Z, ZHANG N, QIU T, et al. A process design framework singularity points in chemical processes[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2013, 99(8):252-264.
  [8] 聂卓赟. 增益、相位裕度计算与控制器设计研究[D]. 长沙:中南大学, 2012.NIE Z Y. The gain and phase margins calculation and controllers design[D]. Changsha:Central South University, 2012.
  [9] 胡寿松. 自动控制原理[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2013.HU S S. Automatic control principle[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2013.
  [10] DOYLE J. Robustness of multiloop linear feedback systems[C]//1978 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control including the 17th Symposium on Adaptive Processes. New York:IEEE, 1979:12-18.
  [11] DOYLE J. Analysis of feedback systems with structured uncertainty[J]. IEE Proceedings. Part D:Control Theory and Applications, 1982, 129(6):242-250.
  [12] DOYLE J, WALL J E, STEIN G. Performance and robustness analysis for structured uncertainty[C]//1982 21st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Philadelphia:IEEE, 1982:629-636.
  [13] BRAATZ R P, YOUNG P M, DOYLE J C, et al. Computational complexity of μ calculation[J]. Automatic Control IEEE Transactions on, 1994, 39(5):1000-1002.
  [14] SAFONOV M G. Stability margins of diagonally perturbed multivariable feedback systems[J]. IEE Proceedings. Part D:Control Theory and Applications, 1982, 129(6):251-256.
  [15] WANG Q G, LIN C, YE Z, et al. A quasi-LMI approach to computing stabilizing parameter ranges of multi-loop PID controllers[J]. Journal of Process Control, 2007, 17(1):59-72.
  [16] WANG Q G, HE Y, YE Z, et al. On loop phase margins of multivariable control systems[J]. Journal of Process Control, 2008, 18(2):202-211.
  [17] YE Z, WANG Q G, HANG C C. Frequency domain approach to computing loop phase margins of multivariable systems[J]. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2008, 41(2):6131-6135.
  [18] LEHTOMAKI N, SANDELL N J, ATHANS M. Robustness results in linear-quadratic Gaussian based multivariable control designs[J]. Automatic Control IEEE Transactions on, 1981, 26(1):75-93.
  [19] MUKHOPADHYAY V, NEWSOM J. Application of matrix singular value properties for evaluating gain and phase margins of multiloop systems[C]//AIAA Guidance Navigation and Control Conference. San Diego:AIAA, 1982:420-428.
  [20] FREUDENBERG J S, LOOZE D P. Frequency domain properties of scalar and multivariable feedback systems[M]. New York:Springer, 1988.
  [21] KANG L X, LIU Y Z. Synthesis of flexible heat exchanger networks:A review[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 27(7):1485-1497.
  [22] SWANEY R E, GROSSMANN I E. An index for operational flexibility in chemical process design. Part II:Computational algorithms[J]. AIChE Journal, 1985, 31(4):631-641.
  [23] SWANEY R E, GROSSMANN I E. An index for operational flexibility in chemical process design. Part I:Formulation and theory[J]. AIChE Journal, 1985, 31(4):621-630.
  [24] GROSSMANN I E, FLOUDAS C A. Active constraint strategy for flexibility analysis in chemical processes[J]. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1987, 11(6):675-693.
  [25] GROSSMANN I E, FLOUDAS C A. Synthesis of flexible heat exchanger networks with uncertain flowrates and temperatures[J]. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1987, 11(4):319-336.
  [26] 白一媛, 刘琳琳, 顾偲雯, 等. 考虑污垢生长的柔性换热器网络综合[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2018, 32(4):926-932.BAI Y Y, LIU L L, GU S W, et al. Synthesis of flexible heat exchanger network with fouling growth[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2018, 32(4):926-932.
  [27] JIANG H, CHEN B Z, WANG H, et al. Novel method for considering process flexibility and stability simultaneously[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(38):14765-14775.
  [28] WESTPHALEN D L, YOUNG B R, SVRCEK W Y. A controllability index for heat exchanger networks[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2003, 42(20):4659-4667.
  [29] 罗雄麟, 白玉杰, 侯本权, 等. 基于相对增益分析的换热网络旁路设计[J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(5):1318-1325. LUO X L, BAI Y J, Hou B Q, et al. Optimal design of bypass location on heat exchanger networks based on relative gain array analysis[J]. CIESC Journal, 2011, 62(5):1318-1325.
  [30] BRACCIA L, MARCHETTI P A, LUPPI P, et al. Multivariable control structure design based on mixed-integer quadratic programming[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2017, 56(39):11228-11244.
  [31] BRACCIA L, MARCHETTI P A, LUPPI P, et al. Multivariable control structure design of heat exchange networks based on mixed-integer quadratic programming[J]. Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2018, 56(39):11228-11244.
  [32] BRACCIA L, MARCHETTI P A, LUPPI P, et al. A sequential integration between optimal flexible heat exchanger[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2018, 57(32):11094-11111.
  [33] FRATCZAK M, CZECZOT J, NOWAK P, et al. Practical validation of the effective control of liquid-liquid heat exchangers by distributed parameter balance-based adaptive controller[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 129(1):549-556.
  [34] ORAVEC J, BAKOŠOVÁ M, TRAFCZYNSKI M, et al. Robust model predictive control and PID control of shell-and-tube heat exchangers[J]. Energy, 2018, 159:1-10.
  [35] VASIČKANINOVÁ A, BAKOŠOVÁ M. Control of a heat exchanger using neural network predictive controller combined with auxiliary fuzzy controller[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 89(10):1046-1053.
  [36] 许锋, 潘琦, 王一岚, 等. 工业过程多变量系统常规控制结构的频域设计[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 56(4):448-452.XU F, PAN Q, WANG Y L, et al. Frequency domain design method for decentralized control of multivariable processes[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University (Natural Science Edition), 2016, 56(4):448-452.
  [37] 罗雄麟. 化工过程动态学[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2004.LUO X L. Chemical process dynamics[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2004.
  [38] 李信栋, 苟兴宇. 多输入多输出线性定常系统稳定裕度的分析与改进[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2014, 31(1):105-111.LI X D, GOU X Y. Analysis and improvement of stability margin for multi-input multi-output linear time-invariant systems[J]. Control Theory and Applications. 2014, 31(1):105-111.
  [39] SUN L, LUO X. Synthesis of multipass heat exchanger networks based on pinch technology[J]. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 2011, 35(7):1257-1264.
  [40] SUN L, ZHA X L, LUO X L. Coordination between bypass control and economic optimization for heat exchanger network[J]. Energy, 2018, 160:318-329.
  [41] 罗雄麟, 孙琳, 王传芳, 等. 换热网络操作夹点分析与旁路优化控制[J]. 化工学报, 2008, 59(5):1200-1206. LUO X L, SUN L, WANG C F, et al. Operating pinch point analysis and bypass optimal control of heat exchanger networks[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Enginering (China), 2008, 59(5):1200-1206.