郑昌海¹,石海信^1,2,王爱荣²,王梓民²,何强¹

• 1:广西大学 化学化工学院，广西南宁 530004
• 2:北部湾大学 石油与化工学院，广西 钦州 535011

摘要(Abstract)：

以酸解玉米淀粉（AS）为原料，甲基丙烯磺酸钠（SMAS）为接枝单体，过硫酸铵为引发剂，采用水溶液聚合法制备酸解淀粉接枝甲基丙烯磺酸钠共聚物减水剂（AS-g-SMAS）。以水泥净浆流动度（FCP）为评价指标，通过单因素和正交试验得到接枝共聚反应的较佳工艺参数为：淀粉酸解时间8 h，引发剂用量5%，SMAS用量10%，温度70℃，共聚反应时间3 h。红外光谱仪（FTIR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜-能谱仪（SEM-EDS）对AS-g-SMAS和掺加了AS-g-SMAS的水泥净浆进行结构及元素成分分析。FTIR表明磺酸基团成功接入到AS，XRD与SEM显示，与基准样相比，AS-g-SMAS掺入水泥浆后初期水化反应变慢，但经28 d后硬化水泥结构更致密。SEM-EDS元素成分分析证明，AS-g-SMAS不含对钢筋有害的氯元素。因此，AS-g-SMAS有望成为新型绿色缓凝型减水剂。

关键词(KeyWords)： 酸解淀粉;接枝共聚;甲基丙烯磺酸钠;减水剂;净浆流动度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 广西高校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划（桂教人[2016]42号）；广西高校北部湾石油天然气资源有效利用重点实验室基金（2017KLOG13）。

作者(Author): 郑昌海¹,石海信^1,2,王爱荣²,王梓民²,何强¹

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2019.06.022

参考文献(References)：

• [1] PLANK J. Applications of biopolymers and other biotechnological products in building materials[J]. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2004, 66(1):1-9.
  [2] KAMOUN A, JELIDI A, CHAABOUNI M. Evaluation of the performance of sulfonated esparto grass lignin as a plasticizer-water reducer for cement[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2003, 33(7):995-1003.
  [3] ZHANG D F, JU B Z, ZHANG S F, et al. The study on the dispersing mechanism of starch sulfonate as a water-reducing agent for cement[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2007, 70(4):363-368.
  [4] VIEIRA M C, KLEMM D, Einfeldt L, et al. Dispersing agents for cement based on modified polysaccharides[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2005, 35(5):883-890.
  [5] ZHANG D F, Ju B Z, Zhang S F, et al. Dispersing mechanism of carboxymethyl starch as water-reducing agent[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2007, 105(2):486-491.
  [6] REHIM H A A E, Hegazy E S A, Diaa D A. Radiation synthesis of eco-friendly water reducing sulfonated starch/acrylic acid hydrogel designed for cement industry[J]. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2013, 85:139-146.
  [7] ZHANG D F, Ju B Z, Zhang S F, et al. The study on the synthesis and action mechanism of starch succinate half ester as water-reducing agent with super retarding performance[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2008, 71(1):80-84.
  [8] 吴洪发, 郭笑, 薛冬桦. 淀粉基高效减水剂的制备与性能研究[J]. 长春工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 32(4):338-342. WU H F, GUO X, XUE D H. Preparation of starch based water reducing superplasticizer and its performance[J]. Journal of Changchun University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2011, 32(4):338-342.
  [9] 王田堂, 严云, 胡志华, 等. 氧化-醚化淀粉作水泥减水剂的制备及性能(二)[J]. 武汉理工大学学报, 2011, 33(1):60-63. WANG T T, YAN Y, HU Z H, et al. Synthesis and properties of oxidized and etherified starch (OES) as a kind of dispersing agent for cement (part two)[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2011, 33(1):60-63.
  [10] 石海信, 李桥, 陆来仙, 等. 芭蕉芋支链淀粉的结构表征与流变学特性分析[J]. 食品科学, 2013, 34(19):104-108. SHI H X, LI Q, LU L X, et al. Structure characterization and rheological properties of edible canna (canna edulis Ker.) amylopectin[J]. Food Science, 2013, 34(19):104-108.
  [11] 王爱荣, 石海信, 童张法, 等. KH570-AM-淀粉接枝共聚物降滤失剂的制备及其性能[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(10):4022-4028. WANG A R, SHI H X, TONG Z F, et al. Preparation and properties of KH570-AM-starch graft copolymer as filtrate reducing agents[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(10):4022-4028.
  [12] 吴井志, 吕志锋, 佘维娜, 等. 改性淀粉制减水剂的机理研究与展望[J]. 新型建筑材料, 2015, 42(9):4-7. WU J Z, LV Z F, SHE W N, et al. Mechanism and prospect of preparing superplasticizer by modified starch[J]. New Build Mater, 2015, 42(9):4-7.
  [13] 栗海峰, 范力仁, 罗文君, 等. 淀粉接枝衣康酸/丙烯酸高吸水材料制备与性能[J]. 化工学报, 2008, 59(12):3165-3171. LI H F, FAN L R, LUO W J, et al. Preparation and properties of starch grafted itaconic acid/acrylate acid superabsorbent[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China), 2008, 59(12):3165-3171.
  [14] 谢新玲, 童张法, 黄祖强, 等. 机械活化淀粉与丙烯酰胺反相乳液接枝共聚反应的研究[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2008, 22(1):44-48. XIE X L, TONG Z F, HUANG Z Q, et al. Graft co-polymerization of acrylamide on mechanical activated starch in inverse emulsion[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2008, 22(1):44-48.
  [15] 曹映玉, 王亚权, 郝金库. 磺酸基功能化的MCM-41催化三乙酸甘油脂与甲醇的酯交换反应[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2011, 32(5):1138-1143. CAO Y Y, WANG Y Q, HAO J K. Sulfonic acid-functionalized MCM-41 for transesterification of triacetin with methanol[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2011, 32(5):1138-1143.
  [16] 程发, 侯桂丽, 伊长青, 等. 磺化淀粉开发用作新型减水剂的研究[J]. 精细化工, 2006, 23(7):711-716, 720. CHENG F, HOU G L, YI C Q, et al. Synthesis and properties of sulfonated starch as superplasticizer[J]. Fine Chemicals, 2006, 23(7):711-716, 720.