丁香油的超临界CO2萃取及其微胶囊的制备The Supercritical CO2 Extraction and Microencapsulation of Clove Oil
王金宇,李淑芬,关文强
摘要(Abstract)：
在70℃和10MPa条件下通过对丁香花蕾进行超临界CO2萃取得到丁香油,萃取率达19%~21%。气质联用分析结果表明,丁香油中主要化学成分包括丁香酚、β-石竹烯和乙酰基丁香酚等。以丁香油为囊芯,探讨利用干酵母细胞作为囊壁材料制备微胶囊的可行性。通过正交试验考察了包埋温度、包埋时间、丁香油与干酵母配比(芯材比)对微胶囊化丁香油的影响。结果表明,在包埋温度70℃、包埋时间9h和芯材比为1:1(w/w)的条件下,微胶囊中丁香油包埋率达到41.26%。通过扫描电镜观察,丁香油微胶囊呈规则的球形,大小均一,颗粒直径在2.0~4.0μm。在100℃下对经微胶囊化的丁香油加热20h,其挥发率只有15.04%,远低于相同条件下丁香油的挥发率(58.29%)。这种新型的微胶囊化方法,具有制备过程简单、包埋率高和不引入有机溶剂的优点。
关键词(KeyWords)： 超临界CO_2萃取;丁香油;微胶囊;干酵母
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 王金宇,李淑芬,关文强
参考文献(References)：
- [1]The Pharmacopeia Committee of the People’s Republic of China(国家药典委员会).The Pharmacopeia of the People’s Republic of China(Ⅰ)(中华人民共和国药典(一部))(2000)[S].Beijing(北京):Chemical Industry Press(化学工业出版社),2000:3-4.
- [2]LüJia(吕佳),XU Jing(徐晶),LI Hai-bin(李海滨)et al.Study on inclusion compound preparation for clove volatile oil withβ-cyclodextrin(丁香挥发油β-环糊精包合物制备工艺研究)[J].Chinese Traditional Patent Medicin(中成药),2004,26(5):424-426.
- [3]ZHOU Jian-xin(周建新),XU Hua(许华),JIN Hao(金浩).Study on the antimicrobial effects and composition of clove oil(丁香油抑菌效果与抑菌成分的研究)[J].China Food Industry(食品工业),2003,3:24-25.
- [4]Singh A,Singh R K,Bhunia A K et al.Efficacy of plant essential oils as antimicrobial agents against Listeria monocytogenesin hotdogs[J].Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie,2003,36(8):787-794.
- [5]LIU Bo(刘博),CHEN Kai-xun(陈开勋),CHEN Wei-ping(陈渭萍)et al.Study on supercritical CO2extraction of clove bud and GC-MS analysis of the extract(超临界CO2萃取丁香花蕾的工艺研究及对萃取物的GC-MS分析)[J].Flavor Essence and Cosmetic(香料香精化妆品),2003,3:3-4.
- [6]Porta G D,Taddeo R,D’Urso et al.Isolation of clove bud and star anise essential oil by supercritical CO2extraction[J].Food Science and Technology/LWT,1998,31(5):454-460.
- [7]LIANG Zhi-qi(梁治齐).Microencapsulation Application and Technique(微胶囊技术及其应用)[M].Beijing(北京):China Light Industry Press(中国轻工业出版社),1999:157-161.
- [8]ZHU Sheng-shan(朱盛山).New Dosage Forms of Drug(药物新剂型)[M].Beijing(北京):Chemical Industry Press(化学工业出版社),2003:79-81.
- [9]Gouin,Sébastien.Microencapsulation:industrial appraisal of existing technologies and trends[J].Trends in Food Science and Technology,2004,15(7-8):330-347.
- [10]YU Cai-yuan(于才渊),YAO Hui(姚辉),JIN Xi-jiang(金希江)et al.The preparation method and technology of phospholipid microencapsulation(磷脂微胶囊制备方法研究)[J].J Chem Eng of Chinese Univ(高校化学工程学报),2004,18(6):733-738.
- [11]LIU Yong-xia(刘永霞),YU Cai-yuan(于才渊),WANG Xiao-guang(王晓光).Study on microcapsulation technology of the lost circulation material for the oil field(油田堵漏剂微胶囊技术的研究)[J].J Chem Eng of Chinese Univ(高校化学工程学报),2003,l7(3):344-348
- [12]Shank J L,Ill M.Encapsulation process utilizing microorganisms and products produced thereby[P].USP:4001480,1977-01-04.
- [13]Nelson G.Application of microencapsulation in textiles[J].International Journal of Pharmaceutics.2002,242:55.
- [14]Pannell N A,Hagley.Encapsulation of material in microbial cells[P].USP:5288632,1994-02-22.
- [15]Pannell N A.Encapsulation and encapsulated products[P].GB Patent:2162147,1986-01-29.